Figs originally hail from warm, sun-drenched climates where frost is a foreign concept. However, thanks to modern breeding, there are now plenty of varieties on the market that can handle chilly temperatures without breaking a sweat. That said, even the toughest fig trees appreciate a little extra TLC when winter rolls around.
Choosing the Right Variety
If you’re planning on growing figs in cooler climates, there are two big things to look for: frost resistance and self-fertility. In regions with freezing winters, the fig wasp (the plant’s natural pollinator) usually isn’t around. This means you’ll need a self-fruiting variety if you actually want to harvest any fruit!
Here are some great cold-hardy varieties to consider:
- Chicago Hardy / Bayernfeige (10°F / -12°C)
- Bianco (-4°F / -20°C)
- Bornholm (-6°F / -21°C)
- Brunswick (-4°F / -20°C)
- Celeste (-4°F / -20°C)
- Early Dark (5°F / -15°C)
- Michurinska (-9°F / -23°C)
Wintering Young Trees
Young fig trees (under three years old) haven’t quite built up their “toughness” yet and are much more sensitive to the cold. For these little guys, it’s best to overwinter them indoors in a bright, frost-free spot.
Stop fertilizing in late fall and move them inside. A bright stairwell or an unheated sunroom is perfect. If you don’t have a good indoor spot, an unheated greenhouse can work in a pinch, though there’s still a slight risk of frost damage if the temps really plummet.
Outdoor Winter Protection
For figs planted directly in the ground, start by giving them a thick layer of mulch in the fall. Don’t be stingy here! Fig trees have extensive root systems that often run close to the surface. Generally, the roots spread out about three times as wide as the tree’s canopy.
Wrap the trunk with burlap or coconut fiber mats. The key is to use breathable materials. Avoid plastic wraps or tarps directly against the wood, as they trap moisture and can lead to mold or rot.
For smaller trees, you can also protect the canopy by wrapping it in garden fleece. Look for “winter-weight” fleece—it’s a bit thicker and provides much better insulation.
Caring for Potted Figs
Potted figs can be brought inside like young trees, or if they are older and established, they can stay outside with some help. Treat the trunk and canopy just like you would an in-ground tree. Don’t forget to cover the soil with a nice layer of mulch, too.
The biggest challenge with pots is that the roots are more exposed. Wrap the pot itself in burlap or several layers of heavy cardboard. Pro tip: Place the pot on a sheet of Styrofoam or a wooden pallet to insulate the roots from the freezing ground.
